.research-page {
  width: var(--page);
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-hero {
  min-height: 690px;
  padding: 110px 0 82px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.25fr 0.75fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 70px;
}

.research-hero h1,
.research-section-heading h2,
.paper-hero h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", "SimSun", serif;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 1.07;
}

.research-hero h1 {
  max-width: 800px;
  font-size: clamp(52px, 7vw, 92px);
}

.research-hero h1 span {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 0;
}

.research-hero h1 span::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -1;
  left: -0.08em;
  right: -0.08em;
  bottom: 0.05em;
  height: 0.26em;
  background: var(--acid);
  transform: rotate(-2deg);
}

.research-hero-copy > p:last-child {
  max-width: 650px;
  margin: 34px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 17px;
}

.research-hero-orbit {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 390px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
}

.research-hero-orbit::before,
.research-hero-orbit::after,
.research-hero-orbit i {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.research-hero-orbit::before { width: 340px; height: 340px; }
.research-hero-orbit::after { width: 360px; height: 190px; transform: rotate(-30deg); }
.research-hero-orbit i:first-child { width: 280px; height: 140px; transform: rotate(28deg); }
.research-hero-orbit i:nth-child(2) { width: 11px; height: 11px; right: 15%; background: var(--accent); border: 0; }
.research-hero-orbit b {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 110px;
  height: 110px;
  color: var(--dark);
  background: var(--acid);
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-family: Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 48px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.release-strip {
  padding: 30px 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.release-strip p {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0 28px;
  display: grid;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.release-strip p:first-child { padding-left: 0; }
.release-strip p:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.release-strip span {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.release-strip strong { margin-top: 4px; font-size: 13px; }

.research-section {
  padding: 130px 0;
}

.research-section-heading {
  max-width: 880px;
  margin-bottom: 58px;
}

.research-section-heading h2 {
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5vw, 66px);
}

.paper-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 26px;
}

.paper-card {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 520px;
  padding: 62px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 0.25fr 0.95fr 0.8fr;
  gap: 40px;
  align-items: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--dark);
  background: var(--acid);
  transition: transform 220ms ease;
}

.paper-card:hover { transform: translateY(-6px); }
.paper-number {
  align-self: start;
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.17em;
}
.paper-card-copy { position: relative; z-index: 2; }
.paper-state {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 0 0 28px;
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.paper-state i { width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent); }
.paper-card h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(48px, 6vw, 78px);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 0.92;
}
.paper-card-copy > p:not(.paper-state) {
  max-width: 500px;
  margin: 30px 0 40px;
  color: rgba(16, 19, 17, 0.65);
  font-size: 14px;
}
.paper-card .text-link { display: inline-block; }
.paper-card .text-link b { margin-left: 12px; }
.paper-card-two {
  color: var(--light);
  background: var(--accent);
}
.paper-card-two .paper-state i { background: var(--acid); }
.paper-card-two .paper-card-copy > p:not(.paper-state) { color: rgba(246, 244, 236, 0.74); }
.paper-card-two .paper-card-mark { color: rgba(246, 244, 236, 0.1); }
.paper-card-two h3 { font-size: clamp(42px, 5vw, 66px); line-height: 0.96; }
.paper-card-mark {
  justify-self: end;
  color: rgba(16, 19, 17, 0.08);
  font-family: Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(180px, 24vw, 330px);
  line-height: 1;
}

.research-method { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.method-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
}
.method-grid article {
  min-height: 280px;
  padding: 32px;
  background: var(--surface);
}
.method-grid article > span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
}
.method-grid h3 {
  margin: 70px 0 14px;
  font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif;
  font-size: 26px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.method-grid p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }

.breadcrumb {
  padding: 40px 0 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 11px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.breadcrumb b { color: var(--ink); }

.paper-hero {
  min-height: 650px;
  padding: 84px 0 98px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 0.52fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 80px;
}
.paper-hero-copy { min-width: 0; }
.paper-labels { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; margin-bottom: 32px; }
.paper-labels span {
  padding: 5px 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 99px;
  font-size: 8px;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.paper-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(60px, 8vw, 110px); line-height: 0.9; }
.paper-hero-intro { max-width: 680px; margin: 34px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; }
.paper-title-zh {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", "SimSun", serif;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.paper-two-page .paper-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(48px, 6.4vw, 84px); line-height: 0.94; }
.paper-hero-index {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 360px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--dark);
  background: var(--acid);
}
.paper-hero-index::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 270px;
  height: 270px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(16, 19, 17, 0.27);
  border-radius: 50%;
}
.paper-hero-index span { position: relative; z-index: 2; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 150px; line-height: 1; }
.paper-hero-index i { position: absolute; right: 18px; bottom: 16px; font-size: 8px; letter-spacing: 0.18em; font-style: normal; }

.release-gate {
  min-height: 190px;
  padding: 40px 48px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 30px;
  color: var(--light);
  background: var(--dark);
  border-left: 7px solid var(--accent);
}
.release-gate-icon { display: grid; place-items: center; width: 70px; height: 70px; border: 1px solid rgba(246,244,236,.28); border-radius: 50%; font-size: 34px; }
.release-gate p { margin: 0; color: var(--acid); font-size: 8px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .17em; }
.release-gate h2 { margin: 7px 0 8px; font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif; font-size: 28px; font-weight: 500; }
.release-gate span { color: rgba(246,244,236,.58); font-size: 12px; }

.paper-layout { padding: 130px 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 190px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 80px; }
.paper-toc { position: sticky; top: 120px; align-self: start; display: grid; }
.paper-toc p { margin: 0 0 20px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 8px; letter-spacing: .16em; }
.paper-toc a { padding: 10px 0; color: var(--muted); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 10px; }
.paper-toc a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.paper-content { min-width: 0; }
.paper-section { padding: 0 0 120px; margin-bottom: 120px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.paper-section:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.paper-section-number { margin: 0 0 20px; color: var(--accent); font-size: 9px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .16em; }
.paper-section > h2 { max-width: 830px; margin: 0 0 54px; font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif; font-size: clamp(38px, 5vw, 62px); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: 1.08; }

.question-list { display: grid; gap: 1px; background: var(--line); }
.question-list article { padding: 34px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 60px .5fr 1fr; align-items: center; gap: 22px; background: var(--bg); }
.question-list span { color: var(--accent); font-size: 10px; font-weight: 800; }
.question-list h3 { margin: 0; font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: 500; }
.question-list p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }

.release-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 14px; }
.release-grid article { min-height: 250px; padding: 30px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; background: var(--surface); }
.asset-state { align-self: flex-end; padding: 4px 8px; border-radius: 99px; font-size: 7px; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.asset-state.waiting { color: var(--dark); background: var(--acid); }
.asset-state.locked { color: var(--light); background: var(--accent); }
.asset-state.review { color: var(--ink); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.release-grid small { margin-top: auto; color: var(--muted); font-size: 8px; letter-spacing: .15em; }
.release-grid h3 { margin: 10px 0 5px; font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif; font-size: 26px; font-weight: 500; }
.release-grid p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
.release-grid a,
.download-card a,
.integrity-links a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

.reader-note {
  margin: -20px 0 38px;
  padding: 24px 28px;
  color: var(--muted);
  background: var(--surface);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--acid);
  font-size: 13px;
}

.download-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 14px;
}

.download-card {
  min-height: 260px;
  padding: 30px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.download-card.featured-download {
  color: var(--dark);
  background: var(--acid);
}

.download-card > span {
  font-size: 8px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
}

.download-card h3 {
  margin: 54px 0 10px;
  font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif;
  font-size: 27px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.download-card p {
  margin: 0 0 26px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 12px;
}

.featured-download p { color: rgba(16, 19, 17, .65); }
.download-card a { margin-top: auto; font-size: 12px; }
.featured-download a { color: var(--dark); }

.integrity-links {
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 20px;
  font-size: 11px;
}

.explain-track { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.explain-track article { padding: 28px 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 70px 1fr; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.explain-track b { color: var(--accent); font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: .14em; }
.explain-track h3 { margin: 0 0 6px; font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 500; }
.explain-track p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }

.proof-spine {
  margin-top: 32px;
  padding: 28px;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.proof-spine p {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 13px 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 11px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 11px;
}

.proof-spine p:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.proof-spine b { color: var(--accent); font-size: 15px; }
.compact-note { margin: 24px 0 0; }

.result-formula {
  margin: -18px 0 34px;
  padding: 36px 40px 38px;
  color: var(--light);
  background: var(--dark);
  border-top: 5px solid var(--acid);
}

.formula-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
}

.formula-header small {
  color: var(--acid);
  font-size: 8px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
}

.formula-header span {
  padding: 4px 10px;
  color: rgba(246, 244, 236, .7);
  border: 1px solid rgba(246, 244, 236, .22);
  border-radius: 99px;
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
}

.formula-main {
  margin: 28px 0 16px;
  color: var(--light);
  font-family: "Cambria Math", "STIX Two Math", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 5.6vw, 62px);
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.formula-main i,
.formula-definition i { font-style: italic; }

.formula-definition {
  margin: 0;
  padding-top: 17px;
  color: rgba(246, 244, 236, .62);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(246, 244, 236, .16);
  font-family: "Cambria Math", "STIX Two Math", Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(15px, 2vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.result-track { margin-top: 0; }

.evidence-stat-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
}

.evidence-stat-grid article {
  min-height: 180px;
  padding: 28px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.evidence-stat-grid strong {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-family: Georgia, serif;
  font-size: clamp(38px, 5vw, 58px);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1;
}

.evidence-stat-grid span {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
}

.release-timeline { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.release-timeline li { position: relative; padding: 0 0 44px 52px; }
.release-timeline li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 9px; top: 20px; bottom: 0; width: 1px; background: var(--line); }
.release-timeline li:last-child::before { display: none; }
.release-timeline li > span { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 3px; width: 19px; height: 19px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 50%; background: var(--bg); }
.release-timeline li.done > span { background: var(--acid); border-color: var(--acid); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 5px var(--bg); }
.release-timeline small { color: var(--muted); font-size: 8px; letter-spacing: .15em; }
.release-timeline h3 { margin: 4px 0; font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: 500; }
.release-timeline p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }

.paper-contact {
  margin-bottom: 120px;
  padding: 72px;
  color: var(--light);
  background: var(--dark);
}
.paper-contact h2 { max-width: 820px; margin: 0 0 40px; font-family: Georgia, "Songti SC", serif; font-size: clamp(38px, 5vw, 62px); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: 1.08; }

@media (max-width: 880px) {
  .research-hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
  .research-hero-orbit { min-height: 330px; }
  .paper-card { grid-template-columns: 0.2fr 1fr; }
  .paper-card-mark { position: absolute; right: 0; opacity: 0.65; }
  .paper-hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .paper-hero-index { min-height: 300px; }
  .paper-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 50px; }
  .paper-toc { position: static; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(120px, 1fr)); }
  .paper-toc p { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .paper-toc a { font-size: 8px; }
}

@media (max-width: 660px) {
  .research-hero { min-height: auto; padding: 76px 0 70px; }
  .research-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(44px, 13vw, 62px); }
  .research-hero-orbit { min-height: 300px; }
  .research-hero-orbit::before { width: 270px; height: 270px; }
  .research-hero-orbit::after { width: 290px; height: 160px; }
  .release-strip { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .release-strip p { padding: 18px 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .release-strip p:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .research-section { padding: 90px 0; }
  .paper-card { min-height: 590px; padding: 38px 28px; grid-template-columns: 1fr; align-content: center; }
  .paper-number { position: absolute; top: 26px; left: 28px; }
  .paper-card h3 { font-size: 50px; }
  .paper-card-two h3 { font-size: 43px; }
  .paper-card-mark { right: -30px; bottom: -10px; font-size: 180px; }
  .method-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .method-grid article { min-height: 230px; }
  .method-grid h3 { margin-top: 46px; }
  .breadcrumb { padding-top: 28px; }
  .paper-hero { min-height: auto; padding: 70px 0; gap: 50px; }
  .paper-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(38px, 12vw, 52px); }
  .release-gate { padding: 34px 26px; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .release-gate-icon { width: 54px; height: 54px; }
  .release-gate h2 { font-size: 24px; }
  .paper-layout { padding: 90px 0; }
  .paper-toc { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .paper-section { padding-bottom: 80px; margin-bottom: 80px; }
  .question-list article { grid-template-columns: 44px 1fr; }
  .question-list p { grid-column: 2; }
  .release-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .download-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .download-card { min-height: 230px; }
  .result-formula { padding: 26px 22px 28px; }
  .formula-main { font-size: clamp(27px, 8vw, 42px); white-space: normal; }
  .formula-definition { font-size: 14px; }
  .evidence-stat-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .evidence-stat-grid article { min-height: 150px; }
  .paper-contact { margin-bottom: 80px; padding: 48px 26px; }
}